Data Records
The data in this occurrence resource has been published as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A), which is a standardized format for sharing biodiversity data as a set of one or more data tables. The core data table contains 389 records.
This IPT archives the data and thus serves as the data repository. The data and resource metadata are available for download in the downloads section. The versions table lists other versions of the resource that have been made publicly available and allows tracking changes made to the resource over time.
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Versions
The table below shows only published versions of the resource that are publicly accessible.
How to cite
Researchers should cite this work as follows:
Retana M V, Lewis M N, Dellabianca N A, Raya Rey A, Scioscia G, Torres M (2016): Sightings of marine mammals carried out during oceanographic surveys in the Argentine continental shelf. v1.2. ArOBIS Centro Nacional Patagónico. Dataset/Occurrence. http://arobis.cenpat-conicet.gob.ar:8081/resource?r=arobis-cenpat-cadic-mammalobs&v=1.2
Rights
Researchers should respect the following rights statement:
The publisher and rights holder of this work is ArOBIS Centro Nacional Patagónico. To the extent possible under law, the publisher has waived all rights to these data and has dedicated them to the Public Domain (CC0 1.0). Users may copy, modify, distribute and use the work, including for commercial purposes, without restriction.
GBIF Registration
This resource has been registered with GBIF, and assigned the following GBIF UUID: 79e731ed-fe9b-4d50-93f7-ab1f01636385. ArOBIS Centro Nacional Patagónico publishes this resource, and is itself registered in GBIF as a data publisher endorsed by Ocean Biodiversity Information System.
Keywords
Occurrence; Sightings; Vessels; Marine Mammals; Pinnipeds; Whales; Dolphins; Surveys; Census; Southwest Atlantic Ocean; Argentine Continental Shelf; Argentine Sea; Observation
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Geographic Coverage
Argentine continental shelf (Southwest Atlantic Ocean)
| Bounding Coordinates | South West [-58, -70], North East [-37, -55] |
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Taxonomic Coverage
All individuals were identified to species level, except for some individuals that been identified until family and genus level. The dataset comprises 7 families, 14 genus and 18 species.
| Family | Balaenopteridae (Rorquals), Delphinidae (Dolphins) |
|---|---|
| Genus | Balaenoptera (Baleen whales) |
| Species | Arctocephalus australis (South American fur seal), Balaenoptera bonaerensis (Antarctic minke whale), Balaenoptera borealis (Sei whale), Cephalorhynchus commersonii (Commerson's dolphin), Delphinus delphis (Short-Beaked common dolphin), Eubalaena australis (Southern right whale), Globicephala melas (Long-finned pilot whale), Lagenorhynchus australis (Peale's dolphin), Lagenorhynchus cruciger (Hourglass dolphin), Lagenorhynchus obscurus (Dusky dolphin), Megaptera novaeangliae (Humpback whale), Mirounga leonina (Southern elephant seal), Orcinus orca (Killer whale), Otaria flavescens (South American sea lion), Phocoena dioptrica (Spectacled Porpoise), Physeter macrocephalus (Sperm whale), Tursiops truncatus (Common bottlenose dolphin) |
Temporal Coverage
| Start Date / End Date | 2009-11-29 / 2009-12-16 |
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| Start Date / End Date | 2012-02-13 / 2012-03-24 |
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| Start Date / End Date | 2012-03-27 / 2012-04-14 |
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| Start Date / End Date | 2013-01-25 / 2013-02-19 |
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| Start Date / End Date | 2014-01-30 / 2014-02-16 |
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| Start Date / End Date | 2014-02-12 / 2014-03-18 |
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| Start Date / End Date | 2014-03-29 / 2014-04-04 |
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| Start Date / End Date | 2014-11-04 / 2014-11-27 |
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| Start Date / End Date | 2015-02-17 / 2015-02-23 |
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Sampling Methods
Data were collected using line transect sampling methodology (Buckland et al. 2001).
| Study Extent | The Argentine continental shelf extends between the coast of Argentina and the continental slope, with a surface estimated of 1,000,000 km2 and depths less than 100 m in most of its extension (Fig. X). The continental shelf is dominated by two marine currents: the Malvinas Current and Brazil currents. The Malvinas current is a cold and rich in nutrients current that flows north along the continental slope of Argentina up to 38◦ S. The Brazil current is a warm and poor in nutrients current that enters the Argentine Sea from the north, along the slope, and moves south to meet Malvinas current. The collision of these two currents, known as the Brazil/Malvinas Confluence, is a transition area whose location varies seasonally between 30 and 46º S. |
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| Quality Control | During the census, all the individuals were identified at the lowest possible taxonomic level (species or genus) using reference guides of marine mammals (Folkens et al. 2002, Shirihai & Jarrett 2002, Shirihai et al. 2006, Bastida & Rodriguez 2010, Jefferson et al. 2011). All the scientific names of marine mammals were validated by matching them against World Register of Marine Species database (WoRMS, http://www.marinespecies.org/). The latitude and longitude of sightings were plotted on a GIS software to detect the outliers, which were corrected following the course of the ship. |
Method step description:
- In the Coriolis II mission, one observer, in the roof of the wheelhouse, recorded all the marine mammals in a range of 300 meters in the side of the boat with better visibility using 7x50 binoculars. A screen connected to pilot’s cabin, shown in real time: ship position, ship speed and direction, wind speed and direction, latitude, and longitude. The census was conducted continuously during daylight hours (7-21 hours) when the ship was sailing at a relatively constant velocity of 10 knots. Species, number of individuals, behavior, sea state, ship speed and direction, wind speed and direction were recorded, and each observation was automatically recorded the position (latitude and longitude), date and time of day. In the other censuses, the marine mammals sightings were recorded on a portable handheld computer with integrated GPS (Trimble Juno ST), using the free software CyberTracker (CyberTracker Software (Pty) Ltd Reg. no. 97/01908/07, http://www.cybertracker.co.za). Surveys were conducted daily during daylight hours (~ 12 hrs) at a mean vessel speed of 10 knots. During the surveys, two observers collected the data from both sides of the vessel, through naked eye scans supplemented by use of 7x50 binoculars with internal compass and reticle. A third observer assisted in the scans and recorded observations. Observers switched between the three positions at 2 hour intervals. Data recorded for each sighting included GPS position, date and time, sighting distance, sighting angle, species, group size and composition. Vessel speed, air temperature, wind speed and direction, Beaufort Sea State (BSS), cloud cover and visibility were recorded at the start of each day and updated whenever they changed.
Bibliographic Citations
- Buckland ST, Anderson DR, Burnham KP, Laake JL, Borchers DL & Thomas L (2001) Introduction to distance sampling: estimating abundance of biological populations. Oxford University Press, Oxford. 432pp ISBN 978-0-19-850927-8
- Bastida R & Rodríguez D (2010) Mamíferos Marinos de la Patagonia y Antártida. Vazquez Mazzini Editores, Buenos Aires. 207pp. ISBN 978-9879-132-203
- Jefferson TA, Webber MA & Pitman RL (2011) Marine mammals of the world: a comprehensive guide to their identification. Academic Press.
- Shirihai H & Jarrett B (2002) The complete guide to Antarctic wildlife: birds and marine mammals of the Antarctic continent and the Southern Ocean. G. M. Kirwan (Ed.). Princeton University Press.
- Folkens P, Reeves A, et al. (2002) Guide to marine mammals of the world. National Audubon Society. 527 pp.
- Shirihai H, Jarrett B, & Kirwan GM (2006) Whales, dolphins, and other marine mammals of the world. Princeton University Press.
Additional Metadata
marine, harvested by iOBIS
| Alternative Identifiers | 79e731ed-fe9b-4d50-93f7-ab1f01636385 |
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| http://arobis.cenpat-conicet.gob.ar:8081/resource?r=arobis-cenpat-cadic-mammalobs |